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Hashim ibn Abd Manaf
Hashim ibn 'Abd Manaf ((アラビア語:هاشم بن عبد مناف); ca. 464 – 497) was the great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and the progenitor of the Banu Hashim clan of the Quraish tribe in Mecca.
His name was 'Amr al-ʻUlā ((アラビア語:عمرو العلا)) but he was given the nickname ''Hashim'' which translates as ''pulverizer'' in Arabic - because he initiated the practice of providing crumbled bread in broth for the pilgrims to the Ka'aba in Mecca. Another version of the story of this naming is that ''Hashim'' comes from the Arabic root ''Hashm'', to save the starving, because he arranged for the feeding of the people of Mecca during a seasonal famine, and he thus became "the man who fed the starving" ((アラビア語:هشم الجياع)).
==Birth==
Hashim and 'Abd Shams were conjoined twins born with Hashim's leg attached to his twin brother's head. It was said that they had struggled in the womb seeking to be firstborn. Their birth was remembered for Hashim being born with one of his toes pressed into the younger twin brother's forehead. Legend says that their father, 'Abd Manaf ibn Qusai, separated his conjoined sons with a sword and that some priests believed that the blood that had flown between them signified wars between their progeny (confrontations did occur between Banu al'Abbas and Banu Ummaya ibn 'Abd Shams in the year 750 AH). The astrologers of Arabia predicted that Abd Munaaf had committed a grave error when he separated both of them by means of a sword. That which he had done was not regarded by them as a good omen.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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